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Business Plan
Dupal, Ivo ; Císařová, Miluše (referee) ; Vaškovičová, Jana (advisor)
In my master’s thesis I deal with a business plan which concentrates on creating a hay-making company. In the thesis are determined production plan and the mission of the company. The work also contents company’s goals in different areas and calculation of break-even point, as well as estimated financial performance of the company.
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Management výroby kvalitního sena
Filipi, Eduard
This bachelor's thesis describes in the first part the influence of feeding high-quality hay on the productivity and health status of livestock. It is not surprising that high-quality hay is a suitable component of animal feed, and its use can have interesting economic results for the farm, as it has a positive effect on the production properties and health of animals. In the next part of the thesis, the history of hay production is described, taking into account the current state of hay production in the Czech Republic. The main part introduces factors influencing the resulting quality of hay and the technological process of producing high-quality hay. The following chapters describe the advantages and disadvantages of preservatives used during the harvest of hay with higher moisture content. Special attention is paid to methods of drying hay with cold and heat-treated air in haylofts. Finally, an experiment is proposed and described that compares three samples of hay with different chemical treatments.
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The comparison of production technology and conservation of bulky fodder in selected farm and recommendation for improvement
NOVÁKOVÁ, Vladimíra
The first part of this thesis deals with the history and description of roughages. Here, harvesting methods, processing principles and procedures and storage options are described. Also in this first part, the conservation of hay and haylage material is described. For haylage and hay, both sensory properties and laboratory evaluation according to the 'Standard 2004' (No 244/2000 Coll.), which is the most commonly used in the Czech Republic, are given. The most commonly used and commonly occurring clover and grasses are also characterised. Hay additives or preparations are divided into groups and microorganisms for preservation that are harmful or beneficial for biomass fermentation are included. This section concludes with a discussion of maize and the impact of roughages on livestock production. The second part of the thesis deals with the actual monitoring of the quality of roughages, mainly hay pit, hay bale, hay fence and hay bale. Mostly this part focuses on sensory monitoring of the properties of these feeds and laboratory analysis. It concludes with various recommendations that could improve the quality and economics of roughages.
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The comparison of different technologies of roughage fodder in selected farm
NOVÁKOVÁ, Vladimíra
The first part of this bachelor´s work deals with describing bulky feeds. Their harvesting method, principles, production procedures and storage method are described. Here is a description of biomass preservation for the hay silage and hay. The first part marks and describes the sensory properties of hay and hay silage. The most commonly used clover and grasses are also characterized. Distribution of hay silage preparations (additives), chemical feed composition, plant biomass preservative microorganisms that are beneficial and harmful to the preservative proces. Finally, mention of corn silage and clarification of the impact of canned livestock feed. The second part of the bachelor´s work deals with self - monitoring of sensory properties and laboratory analysis on the quality of preserved matter in various ways of preserving hay silage in the silage pit, silage in parcel and hay in parcel at selected businesses. The conclision includes recommendations that could improve the quality of bulky feeds - hay silage and hay. The dry matter content of the preserved matter should be monitored. For the silage, adjust the length of the cutter and the intensity of the choking (pressing) and, where appropriate, use appropriate silage additives.
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Možnosti využití sena na výrobu aglomerovaného materiálu
Červenka, Jan
The research dealt with the possibility of using hay for the production of large-area material. Boards with a density of 630 ± 30 kg/m3 and thickness of 12 mm were pressed from the hay. The boards were made of hay fractions and whole hay straws. Due to the presence of a water repellent waxy coating of the surface layers of the hay straws, the hay was soaked in NaOH solution to disrupt the coating and increase the surface wettability for the water-based adhesives. The soaking was carried out with different temperatures, time, and concentrations. Depending on the measurements of the contact angle of the water drop on the hay surface, a 5% NaOH solution was selected. The FR 15 and FR 60 boards were made from a hay fraction soaked at the temperature 20 ° C for 15 minutes and 60 minutes. A reference board FR REF was produced in the same way without chemical treatment. For comparing the boards' properties, several boards were produced: a DTD ST board was made of wood chips used for the central layers of boards made by the Kronospan company; a board NE REF, produced from the whole hay straws without any chemical treatment; a board NE 15, which was made out of hay undergone 15 minutes long treatment at 20 °C. UF resin (Kronores CB 1637), which is used for bonding of the core layers of particle boards, was used as the adhesive. The results have shown that the wettability of the straw surface can be improved by the chemical treatment by almost 50% compared to the hay without treatment. The contact angle values of the hay without the chemical treatment were 92,2 °. In hay soaked in NaOH solution, the contact angle decrease to 45 °. However, the hay treated this way wasn't suitable for board production due to its significant degradation. The hay used for boards FR 15 and FR 60 had values of 63 and 62, 9 ° accordingly, which were similar to those measured on the wood surface (64 °). Properties of the produced samples were tested according to ČSN EN standards. In bending tests, boards made from hay fractions with chemical treatment reached better results at MOR compared to the reference boards (the board FR 15 - 4,5 MPa, the board FR 60 - 5 MPa, and the board FR REF - 1,3 MPa). As for the modulus of elasticity MOE, the board FR 15 reached 1710 MPa, the board FR 60 - 1703 MPa, and the board FR REF - 651 MPa. After 24 hours, the following swelling values were indicated: FR REF - 23,2 %, FR 15 - 26,6 % a FR 60 - 17,1 %. After soaking in water for 48 hours, the FR REF fraction board had shown a swelling value of 60,5 %. The boards FR 15 and FR 60 from chemically modified hay have achieved better results of 42 and 47,2 % accordingly.
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Management trvalých trávnych porastov v územiach so zvláštnym ochranným režimom : metodika obnovy trávnych porastov /
Frei, Ivana
Four methods of grassland restoration on arable land using species-rich seed material harvested directly in the source Bromion meadows (Vojšické louky, Bílé Karpaty protected landscape area (PLA), Czech Republic) were compared. Species composition of established grasslands was evaluated through the vegetation development. The restoration methods comprised of i) green hay application, ii) sowing of seed mixture obtained from brush harvester collecting once in the vegetation period, c) sowing of seed mixture obtained from brush harvester collecting three times during the vegetation period per site and d) spontaneous succession were compared. The experimental plots were established in the surroundings of Malá Vrbka (Bílé Karpaty PLA) in 2009. Species composition and vegetation cover were recorded in 16 m2 plots in spring and autumn of 2010 and 2011. Altogether 144 releves were statistically analysed using direct (CCA) and indirect (PCA) gradient analysis; cluster analysis (Statistica for Windows), and Simpson, Jaccard and Sorrensen similarity coefficients. Species composition was significantly affected by the plot establishment period which explained 49.6% of variability in the species data set. Species composition was also affected by used restoration method. However, the restoration method had no significant effect on the plant species richness.
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Stroje pro sklizeň píce: příprava výukových materiálů
ZUKAL, Martin
This bacalar thesis provides an overview of forage harvesting machines. The thesis is divided into chapters according to individual types of machines and provides a view of their agrotechnical requirements, partition, description of basic carried out operations and description of their basic work. The bacalar thesis should serve as supplementary teaching text for students of the Department of Agricultural, transport and handling Technology of the Faculty of agriculture of South Bohemian University. Information and parameters are found in the technical literature on agricultural machinery, promotional materials and websites of manufacturers and vendors of this technique.
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The comparison of different technologies of bulky fodder crop conservation
PAVLÍK, Václav
This bachelor thesis deals with comparison of various technologies for roughages preservation. Roughages represent a great part of basic ration for farm animals. The introductory part of this thesis deals with the importance of preservation itself and the basic ways of roughages preservation. Several processes, principles and technologies of preservation by dry curing process and silage are also described here. Further, the thesis lists advantages and disadvantages of individual preservation technologies and silage additives. The second part of the thesis is focused on observing and sensory evaluation of fodder quality within various ways of preservation - silage in silage mangers, silage in bags, wrapped silage bays and bales of hay. Are designed appropriate progresses preservation bulky forage for farm animals in a companies with different volume of production. As suitable way of conservation it´s a conservation by silage in a sac and in round packaging or by high pressure stamping hay into a round packages.
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The mineral content of forage influenced by previous varying intensity grazing
Pavlů, Klára ; Homolka, Petr (advisor) ; Filip, Filip (referee)
The mineral content of grassland is one of the key factors that determine its quality. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal interval for the grazing and the optimal interval for the hay harvest in relation to the nutrient requirements for cattle and determine the dynamics of pasture forage yield and mineral content during the growing season. H0: Previous different grazing intensity has no effect on biomass yield and the mineral content in the following growing season. The experiment was performed on a long term grazing experiment in 2012 -- 2013, where during the growing season biomass samples were taken and subsequently analyzed for minerals (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na). The sampling was carried out in treatments that have been since 1998 at the beginning of June mowed and then intensively or extensively grazed. During the sampling period the access of grazed animals to sampling sites was forbidden. Intensive or extensive grazing in the previous grazing season significantly affected the content of minerals and biomass yields. Especially at the beginning of the growing season the contents of N, Ca and Mg were higher in forage, which was in previous years, intensively grazed. After that, the differences between these two treatments were not significant. Diverse grassland with a higher proportion of herbs contained higher levels of calcium and magnesium. Because of lower K concentrations and higher Ca and Mg concentrations in the fodder there was no problem with tetanus ratio (K/Ca + Mg) by exceeding the limit value of 2.2. The present work shows that the optimal term for hay in mesophilic upland grassland the end of May to mid-June. In this time historically the first cut was conducted. After this period there are revealed such changes in the content of minerals, which significantly deteriorate the forage quality. Therefore, if the first cut after mid-June is postponed then compensatory payments under environmental schemes should progressively compensate financially losses
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